"I learned that courage was not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it."
Hi friends, today I would
like to share the external security challenges in our country. Present,
we are facing security issues and border disputes with our neighbour countries.
There are many challenges to combat the border terrorism, terrorists mainly targeted on water ways like mari time borders and International borders leads the linkages of crimes, they are
intrusion of migrants, illegal weapons,
fake currency, human trafficking, transfer of funds (for terrorism) from
bangladesh, pakistan, srilanka etc.. and illegal migrations from myanmar is one of
the challenge in our country. Give me your valuble suggestions and feedback friends. prepare well, thank you.
Topic: India’s geography: A bane for India’s internal
security--
From desert in
India-Pakistan Border, Himalayas in India-China Border and Dense Forest In
India-Bangladesh Border. India is having a complex geographical border to
manage.
As per Chankya,
neighboring countries can never be friends. It is true especially in perspective
of India. So, proper arrangements have to be made to guard its borders from any
untoward incidents but due to geographical locations it is causing challenges. However,
a state can be at risk from four kinds of threats e.g. internal, External,
Internally aided external, Externally aided internal. Thus, India’s internal
security threat perceptions are a mix of all four shades of threats defined
above.
The changing external
environment also impacts our internal security. Events in Sri Lanka, Pakistan,
Bangladesh, Nepal and Myanmar have direct or indirect linkages with our
internal security. Therefore, it can be said that in today’s information
and digital age, security threats, both internal and external, are
inter-related and cannot be seen in isolation from each other. Independence for
India came with some inherited problems related to internal security e.g. jammu
and kashmir issue. Menace of communalism in various riots (linguistic riots,
inter-state disputes, naxalism, caste
and ethnic tensions), division of the pre-independence India into two nations.
Besides, The North-Eastern
states are politically and geographically distant from New Delhi, and certain
parts of the region share more in common culturally with Burma than they do
with Punjab, or even West Bengal. A quirk of South Asian political geography
has made it quite challenging for New Delhi to effectively integrate the
North-Eastern state. As the British Empire withdrew and partitioned British
India along religious lines to create the modern states of India and Pakistan
,it drew the lines that lead to the Siliguri in an attempt to maintain
contiguity between Bengal and Assam. The creation of East Pakistan (which
became Bangladesh in 1971) along religious lines necessitated the awkward choke
point in India’s Contemporary Geography.
Further, The harsh
topography of the region makes the railway and roads subject to damage from
frequent landslides and natural disaster; India’s North-East is known for its
record-breaking levels of rainfall. As if natural disasters were not enough to
India's anxieties, We also had a complex and troubled political history. E.g. Sikkim
had long been a subject of controversy between India and China, actions of China in the IndianmOcean Region (IOR). Myanmar's border encroachment and to counter-balancing
china’s influence in Burma. Bottom Trawling issues with srilanka.
Bit By Bit, We witnessed
the growth of the terrorist movement in Punjab, aided and abetted by a hostile
neighbour. The nineties saw the beginning of militancy in Kashmir which has
slowly become a pan-India phenomena with the onslaught of international
terrorism in the hinterland during the past decade. The rise of Indian
Mujahideen has been another dangerous phenomena in the last decade. This has
again been supported by the unfriendly neighbour as became clearly evident
during the 26/11 terror attack in Mumbai. Transnational organised
criminals/mafias have given further boost to international terrorism by forging
linkages between organised crime and terrorism. Their funding and modus
operandi(a method of procedure) has mainly been arms smuggling, drugs trafficking, hawala transactions,
money laundering and pumping of fake Indian currency notes to different parts
of the country.
Hence, As an emerging
nation, we hoped to overcome these problems and embark upon a path of national
reconstruction and consolidation, but progress has been hampered by various
challenges to internal Geographical security faced by the country. E.g. The
Maoist Insurgency,Demands for autonomy in Nagaland and Statehood in Assam for
Bodoland, West Bengal for Gorkhaland, Maharashtra for Vidarbha, Economic Food
security, energy security, economic security keep coming up.
Constraints to
Cooperation:-
These obstacles are not restricted
to the Geographical sphere. The countries generally have common strategic
objectives, but differ in their approaches to addressing them, while New Delhi brands
Pakistan as the prime source of global terror but China Advocates Pakistan.
Another structural constraint is the inefficiency of India’s defense procurement and modernization processes, particularly
those pertaining to the Navy. Even today, the government is reluctant to regard climate
change as a security issue.
However, India's Look East
policy has resulted in a number of agreements with some of the Asean countries.
For example, it is cooperating with Myanmar and Thailand in building a highway
project and a rail link to Hano. In general, while there is some improvement in
India's external security environment, the terrorist threat within the country
in Jammu and kashmir and North-Eastern states remains serious. We have glaring
security problems with China and Pakistan. Some irritants from Myanmar and
Bangladesh also exists. We have also security concern with the Sri Lankan
crisis. We have no problem with Nepal, Bhutan and Maldives.
India is a secular state
with unity in diversity. The geographical boundaries have natural barrier of Himalayas in North we have Indian Ocean in the
South. In the East we have semi-mountainous terrain and in the west we have
desert and semi-desert terrain in the Northwest and mostly surrounded by the coastal
area (i.e.) Indian Ocean. There is ecological imbalance. Lacks of people die
every year due to natural disaster like earthquake, cyclone, famine, or by man
made burning problems like there was an attack on Parliament House at Delhi,
attack on Hajratbal, thousands of army personnel and civilians are dying in Jammu
and kashmir and other sensitive areas in the north East due to insurgency.
There is little value for human life.
Taking
Responsibility:-
In The Words Of Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam "Problem Are Common But Attitude Makes The Difference"
Despite all this, Improving
coordination between intelligence and police; deepening, the socio-economic
components and reducing the coercive elements of counter-insurgency;
modernizing the armed forces; and working to reduce mis-understandings with key
foreign allies. India's vulnerability is a cruel endowment of political
geography and essentially one it is stuck with. However, On the bright side,
the current level of strategic or Geographic vulnerability is far lower than it
was in the past and can be further moderated with the political will to
implement police reforms which seems lacking.
Indira Gandhi Once Said, You Can Not Shake Hands With A
Clinched Fist. The clenched fist is a symbol of anger while a shake of a hand
mean peace. Hence, internal security organisations in India and around the
globe has to adopt a holistic approach in addressing these security issues, Keeping
countries ego aside and developing mutual respect to each other.
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